Peet Karveer (Nerium indicum var. yellow), also commonly known as Yellow Oleander, is a highly valued yet toxic plant in Ayurveda, recognized for its potent medicinal effects. It is used cautiously in Ayurveda, primarily for skin disorders, anti-inflammatory applications, and stimulating cardiac activity under strict medical supervision.

1. Botanical Name

• Nerium indicum var. yellow

2. Family

• Apocynaceae

3. Description

Peet Karveer is a small to medium-sized, evergreen shrub with glossy, narrow, lanceolate leaves and bright yellow flowers that are funnel-shaped and fragrant. All parts of the plant, including flowers, leaves, and roots, contain potent toxic compounds.

4. Occurrence

Peet Karveer is found in tropical and subtropical climates, thriving in regions such as India, Southeast Asia, and parts of the Mediterranean. It grows well in sunny, well-drained soils.

5. Chemical Constituents

The major active compounds in Peet Karveer include:

• Cardiac Glycosides: Thevetin, peruvoside, neriin, oleandrin
• Flavonoids: Rutin, quercetin
• Triterpenoids: Ursolic acid
• Alkaloids and Saponins

These compounds account for the plant’s strong therapeutic effects but also contribute to its toxicity.

6. Guna (Properties)

• Rasa (Taste): Tikta (bitter), Katu (pungent)
• Guna (Quality): Ruksha (dry), Tikshna (sharp)
• Virya (Potency): Ushna (hot)
• Vipaka (Post-digestive effect): Katu (pungent)

7. Uses in Ayurveda

Due to its strong properties and toxicity, Peet Karveer is used in very controlled dosages and is mainly prescribed by Ayurvedic practitioners. Its therapeutic uses include:

• Skin Disorders: Useful for conditions like eczema, ringworm, and scabies when applied externally.
• Anti-inflammatory: Effective in reducing joint pain and swelling.
• Antimicrobial: Helps in treating bacterial and fungal infections, especially on the skin.
• Cardiac Tonic: In minute, strictly regulated doses, it has been used in traditional contexts for heart stimulation, though this is rare due to high toxicity.

8. Mode of Action

The cardiac glycosides in Peet Karveer work by impacting heart muscles, increasing heart contraction force. Its sharp and heating qualities make it suitable for conditions with excess Kapha, providing relief in skin infections, and respiratory issues. However, due to its potency, it is rarely administered orally.

9. Home Remedies

Due to Peet Karveer’s toxicity, home remedies are not recommended. Its traditional applications require precise formulation and handling by experienced Ayurvedic practitioners only.

10. Dosage

Peet Karveer’s dosage is extremely specific and must only be determined by a practitioner:

• External Use: Applied as a paste or oil for skin ailments in very small amounts.
• Internal Use: Rarely used internally due to toxicity risks and is only used under strict professional supervision.

11. Caution

• Highly Toxic: Peet Karveer contains cardiac glycosides, making it poisonous if ingested improperly.
• Pregnancy and Children: Not suitable for pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, or young children.
• Heart Conditions: Individuals with heart disease should avoid it due to its intense effect on cardiac function.
• Handling Precautions: Always use gloves when handling Peet Karveer to prevent skin irritation or poisoning.

In conclusion, Peet Karveer is a powerful but highly toxic herb in Ayurveda. Its uses, primarily for skin and inflammatory conditions, are restricted to external applications, and it requires expert handling and precise dosage to avoid harmful effects. This potent herb exemplifies the need for caution and deep knowledge in Ayurvedic medicine, where beneficial properties can also bring significant risk if misused.