Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) is a highly esteemed herb in Ayurveda, particularly revered for its powerful benefits for heart health. Known as a Hridya (heart tonic), Arjuna is widely used to support cardiovascular function. Here’s a detailed look at Arjuna’s Ayurvedic profile:

1. Botanical Name

• Terminalia arjuna

2. Family

• Combretaceae (Indian almond family)

3. Description

Arjuna is a large, evergreen tree that can grow up to 60-80 feet in height. It has a smooth, grey bark, often with vertical cracks. The bark is reddish on the inner side, and this part of the tree is traditionally harvested for medicinal use. The leaves are oblong and glabrous, while the flowers are small and pale yellow, blooming in spring.

4. Occurrence

Arjuna is native to India and is typically found near riverbanks or in moist areas, particularly in central and southern India. It can also grow in other tropical and subtropical regions and is often cultivated in Ayurvedic medicinal gardens.

5. Chemical Constituents

The primary active components of Arjuna include:

• Tannins (arjunic acid, arjunolic acid)
• Flavonoids (arjunolone, arjunone, luteolin)
• Glycosides
• Saponins
• Minerals (calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper) These compounds contribute to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and heart-protective properties.

6. Guna (Properties)

• Rasa (Taste): Kashaya (astringent)
• Guna (Quality): Laghu (light), Ruksha (dry)
• Virya (Potency): Shita (cooling)
• Vipaka (Post-digestive effect): Katu (pungent)

7. Uses in Ayurveda

Arjuna is primarily used for:

• Cardiovascular health: As a heart tonic, it strengthens the heart muscles, improves circulation, and manages blood pressure.
• Lipid regulation: Reduces cholesterol and helps manage triglyceride levels.
• Wound healing: Due to its astringent properties, it aids in wound healing.
• Digestive health: Arjuna’s bark helps relieve acidity and digestive issues by balancing pitta.
• Respiratory health: It is beneficial for conditions like asthma and bronchitis.

8. Mode of Action

Arjuna works primarily by improving heart function and supporting blood circulation. Its antioxidants reduce oxidative stress on the heart, its astringent properties help with wound healing, and its saponins lower cholesterol levels, contributing to cardiovascular health. Additionally, its cooling properties balance pitta dosha, which is critical for heart and liver health.

9. Home Remedies

• Heart Tonic: Take 1 teaspoon of Arjuna bark powder with warm water daily to support heart health.
• For High Blood Pressure: Mix 1 teaspoon of Arjuna bark powder in a glass of milk, bring it to a boil, and drink once daily.
• Digestive Relief: A pinch of Arjuna powder with honey can soothe acidity.
• Skin Ailments: Apply a paste of Arjuna bark on skin wounds or ulcers to promote healing.

10. Dosage

• Powder: 3-6 grams daily with water or milk.
• Decoction: 20-30 ml, made by boiling the bark in water.
• Capsules/Tablets: 250-500 mg daily, as per the recommended dosage on the product or an Ayurvedic practitioner’s advice.

11. Caution

• Avoid during pregnancy and lactation without a doctor’s guidance.
• Potential Blood Pressure Drop: Arjuna may lower blood pressure, so people on antihypertensive medication should monitor blood pressure levels.
• Possible Gastrointestinal Upset: In rare cases, it may cause mild digestive issues; adjust the dose or consult a practitioner if this occurs.

Arjuna is a remarkable Ayurvedic herb, revered for its benefits in supporting heart health and balancing pitta dosha. Its cardioprotective properties, combined with its capacity to regulate blood pressure and cholesterol, make it a staple in Ayurveda for promoting overall wellness.