Bhanga (Cannabis sativa)

Botanical Name: Cannabis sativa

Family: Cannabaceae

Description: Bhanga, commonly known as Cannabis or Hemp, is an annual herbaceous plant with a sturdy, upright stem that can grow up to 5 meters tall. The leaves are palmately compound with serrated leaflets, typically arranged in pairs. The plant produces small, greenish flowers that can be male or female, and the fruits are small, hard seeds known as hemp seeds.

Occurrence: Bhanga is native to Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It is widely cultivated across the world in tropical and temperate regions for its fiber, seeds, and medicinal properties. It grows well in well-drained, fertile soils with ample sunlight.

Chemical Constituents:

• Cannabinoids (THC, CBD, CBN)
• Terpenoids
• Flavonoids
• Alkaloids
• Fatty acids
• Proteins
  
  

Guna (Properties):

• Rasa (Taste): Tikta (bitter), Kashaya (astringent)
• Virya (Potency): Ushna (hot)
• Vipaka (Post-digestive effect): Katu (pungent)
  
  

Uses:

1. Analgesic: Provides relief from pain.
2. Anti-inflammatory: Reduces inflammation and treats conditions like arthritis.
3. Sedative: Acts as a sedative and aids in sleep.
4. Antispasmodic: Alleviates muscle spasms and cramps.
5. Appetite Stimulant: Increases appetite and treats conditions like anorexia.
6. Nervine Tonic: Supports the nervous system and reduces anxiety and stress.
   
   

Mode of Action: Bhanga’s analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties are primarily due to its cannabinoid content, particularly THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), which interact with the endocannabinoid system in the body. These compounds bind to cannabinoid receptors, modulating pain perception and reducing inflammation. Its sedative effect helps in promoting relaxation and sleep by depressing the central nervous system. The antispasmodic action of Bhanga alleviates muscle spasms by relaxing smooth muscles. Additionally, its ability to stimulate appetite makes it useful in treating anorexia and other conditions associated with weight loss.

Home Remedies:

1. For Pain Relief: Mix a small amount of Bhanga powder with honey or warm milk and consume it to alleviate pain.
2. For Inflammation: Apply a paste made from Bhanga leaves externally on the affected area to reduce inflammation.
3. For Sleep Aid: Prepare a decoction of Bhanga leaves and consume it before bedtime to promote sound sleep.
4. For Muscle Spasms: Take a small amount of Bhanga powder with warm water to relieve muscle spasms.
5. For Appetite Stimulation: Consume Bhanga seeds roasted or in powder form to increase appetite.
   
   

Dosage:

• Powder: 125-250 mg, twice a day with honey or warm milk or as directed by an Ayurvedic practitioner.
• Decoction: 50-100 ml, once or twice a day.
• Paste: Apply externally as needed.
  
  

Note: Due to its potent psychoactive effects and potential for dependency, Bhanga should be used under strict supervision of a qualified Ayurvedic practitioner. Dosage may vary based on individual health conditions and legal regulations regarding its use.

Bhanga is a valuable herb in Ayurveda, known for its wide range of therapeutic benefits, particularly for pain relief, anti-inflammatory effects, and as a nervine tonic. However, its use requires careful management due to its strong psychoactive properties.